The area, therefore, fluctuates considerably even in drylands. Ragi. The traditional/local varieties of pearl millet grow very tall and mature late with low yield potential. Rainfall - 50-100 cms. Content Guidelines 2. This particular crop grows in the dry regions of the country and the ideal temperature range for its growth is within 25 – 31 deg C. Rainfall required … (c) A daily mean temperature of 16°C for seed germination, 21-27°C for proper vegetative growth and 27-32°C for fruiting phase. Bajra: Ragi: 3rd most important food crop with respect to area and production. Split application of N saves N losses due to leaching especially in light soils. Coffee plants should be protected from direct sunlight. It seldom grows in those areas where the annual rainfall exceeds 100 cm. In areas of less rainfall, it requires irrigation. It has been estimated that pearl millet requires, on an average 14-15 mm of water per tonne of grain per ha. In Rajasthan, intercropping of pearl millet with clusterbean/mothbean/greengram/cowpea in 2:1 proportion is adopted. Much of pearl millet’s success in surviving through the ages has been its ability to produce well in hot, arid, drought prone areas where most crops fail. As compared to sorghum and maize, pearl millet removes lesser amounts of N and P but high K. It is estimated that for the production of one tonne grain, pearl millet crop removes about 6.69, 2.46 and 22.54 kg of N,P and K respectively, from the soil. It grows well on sandy soils and shallow black soil. The time of sowing in kharif under rainfed conditions depends on the onset of monsoon. Soil: Well drained light sandy loams, red, yellow and black soils are well suited for its cultivation. (e) Requirement of rainfall throughout growth period is 100-150 cm. Weed Management 11. It can grow on a variety of soils including black, alluvial, loamy and reddish loam. It is a crop of dry regions. Generally 2 methods for harvesting the crop are adopted, viz. Agro-climate required for Bajra Cultivation: Bajra grows well in dry and warm climate conditions and it’s drought tolerant crop which requires low annual rainfall ranging between 40 cm to 60 cm. It hardly grows in areas where the yearly rainfall does exceed 100 cm. Plagiarism Prevention 5. A very small percentage of the area under the crop is irrigated. (c) The crop cannot tolerate drought as well as water logging condition. It cannot tolerate waterlogging. Climatic requirements for Sorghum (or) Jowar Farming:- Basically jowar or sorghum is a tropical crop. Free PDF Download of CBSE Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 4 Agriculture Multiple Choice Questions with Answers. This operation will facilitate thinning as well as reduce excess tillers, helps in reducing ET loss of water and conserve soil moisture. Barley: (a) Barley needs cold weather during early crop growth period and warm and dry weather at maturity. Apply one life saving irrigation and dust mulching (hoeing) and 60 cm row spacing with Ridge & Furrow after inter-culture operation (30 days after sowing) have been found effective to minimize the effect of drought under rainfed conditions. Tea. Pearl Millet/Bajra 6. 3. Too early sowing, hamper germination and seedling emergence and if late rains continue in the season washing of pollens may takes place, resulting poor grain setting. (b) It requires an average annual rainfall of 250-300 cm. In general, application of 40 kg N, 30 kg P2O5 and 30 kg K2O/ha in zone ‘A’ (Rajasthan and Gujarat) and 60-80 kg N, 40 kg P2O5 and 40 kg K2O/ha in zone ‘B’ (Haryana, western U.P., northern M.P. Pearl millet has the potential to germinate over wide range of temperatures from 15° to 40°C.The optimum temperature for full vegetative growth and development is 28-32°C. The crop needs 2-3 intercultural operations between 20-40 DAS. (c) Water requirement for proper growth is 40-60 cm. Cropping System and Few Others. However, stagnant water damages the tea crops. (b) Minimum temperature for germination is 4-6°C. Manures and Fertilizers 7. Maize: Maize requires moderate temperature, rainfall and lots of sunshine. Pre- sowing seed treatment with 0.2% KNO3 has been found effective for seed hardening in order to sustain moisture stress conditions. Moist weather is advantageous during its vegetable growth. On sandy loam soils, a flat seedbed should be preferred to ridge and furrow bed. It can give fairly good yield on poor soils where other crops cannot be grown successfully. In such situation, sum­mer ploughing every year and deep ploughing once in every 3-4 years is beneficial. (iii) Late onset of monsoon – Use Extra early maturing cultivars (below 75 days maturity) and apply additional dose of 20 kg ‘N’ under excessive rains during vegetative stage. Grows well on red, black, sandy, loamy and shallow black soils. (a) Soybean grows well in warm and moist climate. (b) During vegetative growth, crop prefers a fairly moist and warm climate. coinciding with rainfall up to flag leaf stage. Pearl millet, in addition to its grain consumption, is also used as a green fodder in India and in many other countries. Bajra and Ragi: can be grown in drier regions, with rainfall of 35-50 cm (Ragi is especially well-suited to grow in drier regions) (c) Optimum temperature for its growth is 13-18°C. The rate of decline in yield may varies from 4 to 80 kg/day/ha under rainfed conditions. This method is three times more rapid than single-line sowing and saves time. Across the world, bajra is grown over an area of 260,000 sq kms and 50% of the millet production is related to bajra. If conserved soil moisture is insufficient, 1-2 irriga­tions has been found to be highly beneficial for increased yields. 40 – 75 cm. Although it is a rainfed crop, but irrigation at anthesis or flowering stage is beneficial. Ploughing commences with first shower of rains after the harvest of the preceding crop. Proper weed management is also needed for conserving precious moisture in rainfed areas. Fine and smooth tilth is required better germination and optimum plant stand of pearl millet, as its seeds are smaller in size. Before publishing your articles on this site, please read the following pages: 1. The crop is grown in very harsh, arid, dry climatic areas having high temperature and low and erratic rainfall. This is referred to as gurr (light ploughing is standing crop of pearl millet) in Chambal division of M.P. (d) Best suited temperature for crop growth is between 20-25°C. ... high humidity and rainfall-grows best in alluvial clayey soil, ... on less fertile and sandy soils-a hardy crop that needs low rainfall and high to moderate temperature and adequate rainfall- Jowar, bajra and ragi are … It is usually grown as a catch crop in the Deccan, especially when the rainfall is insufficient for sowing sorghum. During the vegetative growth of the crop, moist weather and light to medium rainfall is useful. 20 – 30 degree Celsius. (c) Optimum temperature for growth, flowering and grain formation is 21-36, 25-29 and 20-25, respectively. Cotton: Cotton requires Long term experiments indicates that incorporation of 2.5 and 5.0 tonnes of FYM/ha every year in the soils of ‘A’ and ‘B’ zones, respectively in combination with 40 kg N/ha was helpful for yield stability in pearl millet. (iii) Soil : Sugarcane grows on well-drained fertile soil. In assured rainfall or partially irrigated areas pearl millet is followed by a rabi crops and general sequence followed are pearl millet -barley, pearl millet-wheat, pearl millet-toria, pearl millet-chickpea, Pearl millet-potato, pearl millet-ber- seem etc. Report a Violation 11. Copyright 10. The nutri­ent requirement of the crop depends on the verities, soil types, growing season and moisture availability. The soil should be deep and free from stones and concretes. Climate Requirement for Bajra: – Bajra requires dry and warm climatic conditions. Other intercropping system such as pearl millet + groundnut, pearl millet + sesame, pearl millet + castor, etc. Jowar: Rainfed (60-70 cm rain required) 2. Pre-emergence application of atrazine @ 0.5 kg/ha dissolved in 800 litres of water controls most of the narrow and broad leaved weeds. Crop is characterized by the drought evading mechanism. Methods of sowing vary from place to place. Requires 40-50cms of annual rainfall. In areas having erratic rainfall, plant population of 1.6 lakh/ha should be maintained. Having its … Transplanting from third week of July to second week of August gives good results. RAGI. Intercropping of greengram with pearl millet (2 rows of greengram in between 2 rows of pearl millet) may give an additional 2-3 q/ha of greengram grain. India is the fifth largest rubber producer in the world. Rainfall Requirements for Growing Pearl Millet: The pearl millet crop grows well in areas with rainfall ranges from 200 to 1 500 mm, most occur in areas receiving 250 to 700 mm. (c) During flowering and ripening stage, it requires bright suimy weather for proper fruit setting. The rainfall required is 50-120 cm, that is why it is known as dry crop does not require much rain. Grows well in black cotton soil, sandy loamy soil, or upland gravelly soil having good drainage having a low pH value. Kharif. Agriculture, India, Grains, Bajra, Cultivation, Cultivation of Bajra. Ecological Zone IV – Limited but well-distributed rainfall (T. N., coastal A. P.). Ecological Zone III – Low rainfall and light soils (Karnataka, A. P. and Rajasthan). In the Deccan black cotton soils, a blade harrow is used to expedite preparation of fields. The Conditions Required for the Growth of Bajra. Jowar, bajra and ragi are grown in India. (g) High humidity is harmful to pea crop due to incidence of disease. Rainfall: 150-300 cm (c) Minimum temperature for germination is 6-8°C. As most of the soils are deficient in nitrogen, application of N fertilizer is essential for getting potential yield of pearl millet. Time of N is a key factor to realise the potential yields of pearl millet. South central zone consisting of state of Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. required by bajra and has shown variable growth and yield. (a) Barley needs cold weather during early crop growth period and warm and dry weather at maturity. (e) Cloudy weather, rainy days and high humidity is unfavorable for potato crop. 8. But at the time of flowering and grain development stages, the weather should be clear and dry. These are pearl, Proso, foxtail, sorghum, finger, kodo, little, barnyard, brown top etc.. In rainfed areas, the tillage operations before and after seeding the crop are extremely important as they are associated with the conservation of rain water. Rain fed crop, best in arid conditions. Uploader Agreement. This crop tolerates drought conditions that require low rainfall annually ranging between 40 cm to 60 cm. (d) Water requirement for proper growth is 40-60 cm. Prohibited Content 3. (d) Best suited temperature for crop growth is between 25-35°C. Ideal temperature for bajra cultivation is between 20 oC to 30 oC. Maize is grown in North America, Brazil, China, Russia, Canada, India, and Mexico. Pearl millet is hardy and can grow in very hot and dry areas and on soils too poor for sorghum. Across the world, bajra is grown over an area of 260,000 sq kms and 50% of the millet production is related to bajra. Drinking and other water requirements for living beings are basically fulfilled with rain water only. Sometimes due to unavailability of labour or soil being too wet to permit manual weeding, timely interculturing/weeding be­comes difficult. It is susceptible to frost damage and is predominantly grown as a rainfed kharif crop. Across the world, bajra is grown over an area of 260,000 sq kms and 50% of the millet production is related to bajra. Kharif. The field crops are: 1. Pearl millet is dubbed as a “Diamond in the Rough” because of its adaptation to very low rainfall areas. The damage is severe during 20-35 DAS. High rainfall at reproductive phase is not conducive, as it aids in spread of fungal diseases especially ergot, lodging of plants and poor grain quality. Black Gram 12. Photoperiodism refers to the response of plants to definite periods of light and darkness. 4. (c) Suitable temperature for optimum crop growth is 27-32°C. Pigeon Pea 10. (d) Tuberization stopped, when temperature exceeds 30°C. 2. It requires temperature between 20 0 C to 30 0 C. Rainfall: 50-100cm rainfall. A temperature range above 25°C is required for rubber plantation. Rajasthan is the largest producer of Bajra in India. The optimum plant population varies from 1.75 to 2.0 lakh plants/ha. 5. Report a Violation, 6 Major Crop Growth Stages Affected by Weather, Crops Fluctuated due to Climatic Parameters: 15 Crops, Electronic Processing and International Trade Documents. Rainy day should be preferred for trans­planting. 4. (e) Flowering and seed setting affected by cloudy weather. It is a rain-fed crop mostly grown in the moist areas. It grows well in hot and humid climates with a temperature of 21°C to 27°C and annual rainfall between 75cm to 100cm. 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